To investigate the relationships between anxiety, depression, and insomnia and tinnitus severity among high-functioning employed adults, stratified by age and gender, and to describe age- and gender-specific patterns of prevalence and symptom burden in order to support a biopsychosocial framework for understanding tinnitus onset, progression, and clinical management.
Audiologists should routinely screen working-age tinnitus patients for anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and interpret results with awareness that age and sex influence these comorbidities.
Identifying how demographic factors moderate the mental health burden of tinnitus can help clinicians tailor counseling and referral pathways for different patient subgroups.
- 01Anxiety, depression, and insomnia are significantly associated with tinnitus severity in employed adults.
- 02