耳鸣是无明确相应外部声源时的声音感知，其发生与听觉信息在丘脑水平的加工处理过程密切相关。内侧膝状体不仅是听觉信息传递的重要中继站，更承担着听觉信号门控、筛选与整合的功能。本文阐述内侧膝状体如何通过其精细解剖分区与复杂神经环路，动态调控听觉上行与下行信号，以及在听力损失等病理条件下，其信号门控与中枢增益障碍参与耳鸣感知形成的过程。.
✦ The floor
Discussion
Signed responses from readers of the wire.
This is a mechanistic review of tinnitus neuroscience; no actionable change to clinical practice is supported at this stage.
Understanding central gain and signal-gating dysfunction in the MGB may eventually clarify why tinnitus persists after peripheral hearing loss and could point toward new therapeutic targets.
- 01The medial geniculate body (MGB) acts as a thalamic relay, gating and filtering ascending auditory signals.
- 02Pathological central gain in the MGB is implicated as a mechanism underlying tinnitus perception.
- 03Hearing loss can disrupt normal MGB processing, potentially driving maladaptive plasticity.
- 04Review synthesises current understanding of MGB signal-gating and tinnitus — no new primary data presented.
- 05Findings are mechanistic; clinical translation requires further experimental and clinical study.
Auditory signal gating and filtering in the medial geniculate body are disrupted under pathological conditions such as hearing loss.
opinionpartially supportedIncreased central gain in the MGB contributes to tinnitus perception.
studypartially supported- PMID
- 42706196
- DOI
- 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20260129-00070.
- Journal
- Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Publication type
- review
- Evidence level
- 5
- Population
- Not applicable — narrative review of mechanistic and experimental literature on auditory thalamic processing and tinnitus
- Intervention
- Review of medial geniculate body auditory processing mechanisms (signal gating, filtering, central gain)
Primary outcomes
Characterisation of MGB signal-gating and filtering mechanisms; Relationship between MGB central gain and tinnitus perception under hearing-loss conditions