Dizziness and vertigo are frequent leading symptoms also in the ophthalmological practice and hospitals. They require a structured clinically oriented diagnostic approach. This article provides a practical approach based on a focused history taking using four key questions as well as a systematic examination of ocular motility (four static and four dynamic tests) and four tests assessing the vestibular system....
No actionable change — this is a structured review/taxonomy article useful for education and differential diagnosis frameworks, but it does not introduce new diagnostic tests or treatment protocols.
A cross-specialty classification framework for vertigo and oculomotor disorders can improve diagnostic accuracy and interdisciplinary collaboration between audiologists, otologists, and ophthalmologists.
- 01Review covers the full spectrum of vertigo, dizziness, and oculomotor disorders in a structured diagnostic framework.
- 02Anatomical classification organizes disorders by origin: inner ear, central nervous system, or visual system.
- 03Targets both ophthalmological and otological clinical practice.
- 04Published in Ophthalmologie, indicating a cross-specialty relevance.
- 05Provides etiology-focused differential diagnosis guidance relevant to vestibular assessment in audiology.
A structured anatomical classification of vertigo and oculomotor disorders can guide clinical diagnosis across ophthalmological and otological settings.
opinionpartially supported- PMID
- 42384201
- DOI
- 10.1007/s00347-026-02469-x.
- Journal
- Ophthalmologie
- Publication type
- review
- Evidence level
- 5
- Population
- Patients presenting with dizziness, vertigo, and oculomotor disorders in ophthalmological and otological settings
- Intervention
- Structured clinical diagnostic framework for vertigo and oculomotor disorders
Primary outcomes
Anatomical classification of vertigo and oculomotor disorders; Diagnostic accuracy and differential diagnosis guidance