Clinical and functional outcomes in disc displacement with reduction and without reduction: A comparative study

Disc displacement with reduction (DDwR) and disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR) are recognized as distinct diagnostic entities, but comparative data on their functional and physical parameters remain limited. OBJECTIVE: To compare functional and physical parameters between DDwR and chronic DDwoR patients.

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This comparative TMJ study is not directly actionable for audiologists; it may inform interdisciplinary awareness of jaw-joint disorders that can co-occur with ear symptoms, but no change to audiology practice is warranted based on this study alone.

TMJ disc displacement disorders can produce ear-related symptoms such as tinnitus and ear fullness that overlap with audiological presentations, making cross-disciplinary awareness of their distinct clinical profiles relevant to differential diagnosis.

1. 01Compared clinical and functional outcomes in DDwR vs. DDwoR as distinct TMJ diagnostic entities.
2. 02Published in Cranio, a peer-reviewed journal focused on craniomandibular disorders.
3. 03DDwoR is generally considered a more advanced stage of TMJ internal derangement than DDwR.
4. 04Functional jaw outcomes (e.g., mouth opening range) may differ meaningfully between the two groups.
5. 05Findings may support more tailored treatment planning for each disc displacement subtype.

PMID

42604451

DOI

10.1080/08869634.2026.2716318.

Journal

Cranio: The Journal of Craniomandibular & Sleep Practice

Publication type

research_article

Evidence level

2b

Population

Patients diagnosed with TMJ disc displacement with reduction or disc displacement without reduction

Intervention

Disc displacement with reduction (DDwR)

Comparator

Disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR)