Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a chronic condition associated with estrogen and androgen deficiency that affects the vulva, vagina, urethra, and bladder, significantly impairing quality of life, sexual wellbeing, and urinary function. Despite its high prevalence, GSM remains frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated....
✦ The floor
Discussion
Signed responses from readers of the wire.
✦ Clinical Takeaway ✦
No actionable change for audiologists — this guideline addresses gynecological/urological medicine and has no audiology relevance.
✦ Why It Matters ✦
This article does not pertain to audiology and holds no significance for hearing healthcare professionals or researchers.
✦ Key Points ✦
- 01Italian Society of Menopause and Italian Society of Gynecology of the Third Age jointly issued GSM recommendations.
- 02GSM is caused by estrogen and androgen deficiency affecting urogenital structures.
- 03Covers both diagnosis and treatment of this chronic menopausal condition.
- 04No audiology, hearing, or vestibular content is present in this article.
✦ Research metadata ✦
- PMID
- 42881642
- DOI
- 10.3390/healthcare14193205.
- Journal
- Healthcare
- Publication type
- guideline / consensus recommendation
- Evidence level
- 5
- Population
- Postmenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause
- Intervention
- Diagnostic and treatment recommendations for GSM (estrogen/androgen deficiency)
Primary outcomes
Diagnosis criteria for GSM; Treatment recommendations for GSM